专题介绍：人工智能与博物馆
学术主持人语：
数字化和人工智能方兴未艾，正在不断更新迭代，一定会给文化遗产领域带来革命性的变革，对这一点我深信不疑。我小时候学过围棋，比较关注围棋的事情。2017年5月,阿尔法围棋(AlphaGo)与排名世界第一的柯洁九段对战，以3比0的总比分完胜。曾经信心满满的柯洁输棋之后失声痛哭的画面令人记忆犹新。柯洁的哭泣最重要的不是关乎输赢，而是阿尔法围棋已经进步到超越人类的计算能力。前不久，ChatGPT的推出，再次引发人们对人工智能技术应用前景的热议。许多人认为未来已来，ChatGPT开启了人工智能新纪元。但是，也有学者对此持不同看法。默里·沙纳汉在《技术奇点：当机器拥有人性，我们将面对怎样的世界?》一书中认为，人工智能的能力尚未达到让人们感到焦虑的地步。房龙曾在《发明的故事》中讲到，人类过去的发明实际上是在延伸人类的手、脚、嘴、眼、耳等身体器官，使人体中蕴藏的无穷力量得到发挥。就此而言，人工智能目前仍仅限于作为人类器官的延伸，“有多少智能，后面就有多少人工”。
不管争议如何，《博物院》杂志策划组织的“人工智能与博物馆”专题，可以说紧扣了时代发展的脉搏和行业发展的需求。实际上，博物馆界的数字化工作在20世纪就已经开展，人工智能的运用现在也在逐步尝试，但客观地说，这些技术运用到博物馆领域都具有滞后性，而且面临着一些行业内部的问题，比如人工智能需要大数据的支撑，而博物馆界内部对于数据的提供还存在诸多行业壁垒。人工智能在博物馆行业内的应用可以说是大势所趋，我们在关注技术层面的同时，最需要认真思考的问题是，博物馆需要什么样的数字化和人工智能技术。
博物馆的工作自有其边界，博物馆也自有其存在的根本原因。现在有一些新建的博物馆因为缺少藏品积累，制作了大量的场景，藏品反而只是其中的点缀；还有一些博物馆大量运用沉浸式的体验手段，而忽视内容的研究与设计。其实，我们布景布不过电影厂，娱乐娱不过娱乐场。这让我再次想起苏东海先生的提醒：博物馆应该明白，如果要娱乐观众，博物馆永远无法和迪士尼相比。
杭 侃
人工智能于博物馆应用刍论
On the Application of Artificial Intelligence in Museums
张小朋1张晨旖2
Zhang Xiaopeng1 Zhang Chenyi2
（1.南京博物院，南京，210016；2.悉尼大学，悉尼）
（1. Nanjing Museum, Nanjing, 210016; 2. The University of Sydney, Sydney）
内容提要：以ChatGPT为代表的人工智能技术快速进入人类社会中，各行业开始掀起了新技术革命的浪潮。本文初步介绍了这类人工智能技术的基本原理和应用场景，详细分析了博物馆的主要业务和对人工智能技术应用的范围、方法，展望了博物馆信息化建设在人工智能技术助力下的发展前景。
关键词：人工智能 信息 博物馆 ChatGPT
Abstract: Artificial intelligence technology represented by ChatGPT has quickly entered human society，and various industries have begun to set off a wave of new technological revolution. This paper preliminarily introduces the basic principles and application scenarios of this type of artificial intelligence technology, analyzes in detail the main business of museums and the scope and methods of application of artificial intelligence technology, and looks forward to the development prospects of museum informatization construction with the help of artificial intelligence technology.
Key Words: Artificial intelligence; information; museum; ChatGPT
未来已来——人工智能与博物馆数字化建设的思考
The Future Has Come: Reflection on Artificial Intelligence and
Digital Construction of Museums
刘 健
Liu Jian
（上海博物馆，上海，200003）
（Shanghai Museum, Shanghai, 200003）
内容提要：在以ChatGPT为代表的人工智能受到社会广泛关注的情况下，博物馆的数字化建设需要适应这一变化，从新技术的发展中获益。博物馆本身也应该利用这一契机，重新审视AI时代对博物馆工作的要求，推进自身的变革并探索博物馆领域新的生长点，重新规划我们的工作方式和业务生态。
关键词：ChatGPT 人工智能 人工智能生成内容 博物馆数字化
Abstract: In the case of artificial intelligence represented by ChatGPT receiving widespread attention from society, museums need to adapt to this change and benefit from the development of new technologies. Museums themselves should also take advantage of this opportunity to re-examine the requirements of museum work in the Al era, promote their own transformation, explore new growth points in the museum field, and re-plan our work methods and business ecology.
Key Words: ChatGPT; artificial intelligence; artificial intelligence generated content; museum digitization
人工智能应用趋势下的博物馆展览交互叙事
Interactive Narrative of Museum Exhibitions Under the Trend of Artificial Intelligence Application
柴秋霞 邓又溪 郭振
Chai Qiuxia Deng Youxi Guo Zhen
（复旦大学文物与博物馆学系，上海，200433）
（Department of Cultural Heritage and Museology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433）
内容提要：ChatGPT作为人工智能技术的新应用，给社会交往和内容生成带来了深刻改变，并展现出巨大的潜在空间。对于这一生成式预训练模型所折射的人工智能技术的演进历程，及其将带来的生成式人工智能应用的广布局、普适化，本研究旨在一个技术与人互动的框架下讨论其影响。叙事作为一种传递信息和社会交往的重要方式，受技术影响的同时反映着技术与人互动关系的变化，在目前凝聚为交互叙事的概念。在博物馆领域，为实现信息和知识平等与均衡地连接到全社会，展览设计中也愈发重视交互叙事的应用。研究认为，人工智能技术能同时对博物馆和观众双方进行赋能，优化博物馆的交互叙事实践使之走向主动交互，鼓励观众参与和使用相关服务可促使其与博物馆、信息及其他观众建立互动关系。
关键词：人工智能 ChatGPT 博物馆展览 交互叙事
Abstract: As a new application of artificial intelligence technology, ChatGPT shows that this technology has brought potential for profound changes in social interaction and content generation. This study aims to discuss the impact of the evolution of artificial intelligence technology reflected by this generative pre-training model and the wide layout and universalization of generative artificial intelligence applications that it will bring. As an important way of' transmitting information and social communication, narrative is influenced by technology and it reflects the changes in the interactive relationship between technology and people, and is currently condensed into the concept of interactive narrative, In the field of museums, in order to realize the equal and balanced connection of information and knowledge to the whole society, more and more attentions are paid to the application of interactive narrative in exhibition design. The study believes that artificial intelligence technology will empower both museums and audiences, optimize the interactive narrative practice of museums to make them move towards active interaction, and promote audience participation and use of related services to establish interactive relationships with museums, information and other audiences.
Key Words：Artificial intelligence; ChatGPT; museum exhibition; interactive narrative
博物馆人工智能应用场景建设的尝试与思考
——以上海博物馆为例
Attempts and Reflections on the Construction of Artificial Intelligence Application Scenes in Museums: Taking the Pilot Construction of Shanghai Museum as an Example
龚玉武
Gong Yuwu
（上海博物馆，上海，200003）
（Shanghai Museum, Shanghai, 200003）
内容提要：新技术的出现为博物馆业务发展带来诸多机遇，也对如何应用新技术提出新的挑战，本文以上海博物馆人工智能试点应用场景建设的经验为例，阐明了博物馆应用新技术应该以实际需求为导向，摆正新技术仅是业务辅助的位置，无论新技术如何应用，都应该符合博物馆发展的顶层设计，并要有整体的考量和长远的规划。本文就人工智能在个性化导览中的应用做了深入探讨，多维度数据、互通性系统，以及适用性设备与技术将是个性化导览的三个重要组成部分。
关键词：人工智能 应用场景 上海博物馆 个性化导览
Abstract：With many opportunities for the development of museums, the emergence of new technologies brings new challenges on how to apply it. Taking the pilot construction of artificial intelligence application scenes in Shanghai Museum as an example, this paper illustrates that the application of new technologies in museums should be oriented by actual business requirements, and be placed on the right position that they are only the business assistance, and conform to the top-level design of museum with overall consideration and long-term planning. In this paper, the application of artificial intelligence in personalized guide is deeply discussed. The multidimensional data, the interoperable system and the applicable equipment or technology will be the three important components of personalized guide.
Key Words：Artificial Intelligence, application scene, Shanghai Museum, personalized guide
新一代人工智能技术对博物馆工作的启示与思考
Enlightenment and Reflections of the New Generation of Artificial Intelligence Technology on Museum Work
赵卓1 田侃1 吴涛2
Zhao Zhuo1 Tian Kan1 Wu Tao2
（1.重庆中国三峡博物馆，重庆，400015；2.重庆邮电大学重庆中国三峡博物馆智慧文博联合实验室，重庆，400065）
（1. Chongging China Three Gorges Museum, Chongging, 400015; 2. CQUPT-CCTGM Joint Laboratory of Intelligent Museum, Chongging University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongging, 400065）
内容提要：随着人工智能技术的快速发展，以ChatGPT为代表的生成式人工智能将会进一步提升各个行业和社会的智能化水平。在新一代人工智能技术的支撑下，博物馆在文化研究、宣传教育和观众服务等方面也将发生重大变革，逐步完成行业高质量的知识体系建设，解决博物馆教育资源匮乏、个性化不足以及绩效评价等问题，同时利用生成式人工智能的高互动能力，打通观众与博物馆的信息交互渠道，重塑博物馆服务机制，让优秀历史文化得到更好的传播。
关键词：人工智能 ChatGPT 博物馆发展 文化研究 信息交互
Abstract: With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, generative artificial intelligence technologies such as ChatGPT will further drive the development of various industries and societies With the support of the new generation of artificial intelligence technology, museums will also undergo significant changes in cultural research, education, and audience services, gradually completing the construction of a high-quality knowledge system in the industry, solving problems such as the lack of museum educational resources, insufficient personalization, and performance evaluation. At the same time by using generative artificial intelligence’s high interactive ability, the communication channels between the audience and the museum will be connected, reshaping the museum service mechanism and allowing excellent historical and cultural heritage to be better disseminated.
Key Words：Artificial intelligence; ChatGPT; museum development; cultural studies; information interaction
人工智能在文化遗产保护传承中的价值研究
Research on the Value of Artificial Intelligence in the Protection and Inheritance of Cultural Heritage
沈贵华 祝孔强
Shen Guihua Zhu Konggiang
（中国文物信息咨询中心，北京，100029）
（China Cultural Heritage Information and Consulting Center, Beijing, 100029）
内容提要：本文探讨了人工智能在文化遗产保护管理与阐释传承中的应用场景和价值。通过应用人工智能技术，博物馆和文化遗产机构可以更好地保护和传承文化遗产，让观众更好地了解和体验文化遗产的历史和文化价值。在提升文化遗产本体保护、管理决策支持能力，深入挖掘文化遗产的价值，提高陈列展览策划能力，提升文化遗产的展示水平，扩大文化遗产的传承影响力，增强文化遗产的体验和感知，以及提供智能化的公共文化服务等方面，人工智能可以发挥巨大的作用。因此，文化遗产保护管理机构需要积极应用人工智能技术，创新和发展，保护和传承好我们的文化遗产。
关键词：人工智能 文化遗产 保护管理 价值 应用
Abstract: This article explores the application scenarios and value of artificial intelligence in the protection, management, interpretation and inheritance of cultural heritage. By applying Al technology, museums and cultural heritage institutions can better protect and inherit cultural heritage, allowing visitors to better understand and experience the historical and cultural values of cultural heritage. Al can play a huge role in enhancing the protection and management decision-making capabilities of cultural heritage, exploring the value of cultural heritage, improving exhibition planning capabilities, promoting the display level of cultural heritage, expanding the inheritance influence of cultural heritage, strengthening the experience and perception of cultural heritage, and providing intelligent public cultural services. Therefore, museums and cultural heritage institutions need to actively apply Al technology, innovate and develop, and protect and inherit our cultural heritage.
Key Words: Artificial intelligence; cultural heritage; protection management; value; application
博物馆人工智能技术应用笔谈
Application of Artificial Intelligence Technology in Museums Writing-Conversation
祁庆国1 李文初2
Qi Qingguo1 Li Wenchu2
（1.北京市文物局，北京，100007；2.洛阳博物馆，洛阳，471000）
（1. Beijing Municipal Cultural Heritage Bureau, Beijing, 100007; 2. Luoyang Museum, Luoyang, 471000）