首都学与博物馆
编者按:
城市博物馆是博物馆的一个重要门类，反映了人类最重要的聚居地的发展历史与现状，而首都所在地的城市博物馆，其展示的城市文化、艺术、风俗，对一个国家而言更具典型意义。2018年8月，“中日韩博物馆国际学术研讨会”在中国首都博物馆召开，以“首都学语境下的博物馆‘超级连接’”为主题，探索首都城市博物馆建设，契合国际博物馆的新潮流。本刊遴选5篇研讨会论文集成专题刊出，期待走过16年的中日韩博物馆合作机制的新发展，期待首都学语境下的博物馆“超级连接”实践，期待未来向国际社会展示世界首都文明的更多声音。
面向未来的可及性——关于中日韩博物馆超级连接的思考
Accessibility for the Future: Thinking about the Hyperconnectivity
of the Museums in China, Japan and Republic of Korea
张 杰
Zhang Jie
（首都博物馆，北京，100045）
（Capital Museum, China, Beijing, 100045）
内容提要：中日韩三国的文化相近又各有不同的发展历史，三个国家的博物馆通过交换展览将自己国家的历史、城市和生活与其他国家的历史、城市，以及人们的生活连接起来。交换展览成为文明互鉴的重要手段，拓展了博物馆对公众的可及性，让更多的人有机会了解一座博物馆和一个国家的文明。在信息化网络构建的共享经济时代背景下，博物馆人应认识到传统展览模式观众的有限性，以及借助共享信息技术可实现的更广泛的可及性。在共享技术的支持下和区块链模式的思维下，中日韩三国的博物馆可以携手将东北亚的文化传播到更广阔的世界。
关键词：中日韩 博物馆 共享 区块链 可及性
Abstract: China, Japan and Republic of Korea share similar cultures and different development histories. Museums in three countries link their history, city and life to each other by exchanging exhibitions. The exchange exhibition is one of the important tools for mutual understanding of civilizations and it can expands the accessibility of the museum to the public. The exchange exhibition also enables more people to have a chance to understand one museum and the civilization of one country. Under the background of the information network construction of the shared economy, the museum professionals should recognize the limited audience of the traditional exhibition model and the wider accessibility by sharing information technology. With the support of shared technology and the thinking of block chain, museums in China, Japan and Republic of Korea can spread the culture of Northeast Asia to the wider world hand in hand.
Key Words: China-Japan-ROK; museum; sharing; block chain; accessibility
博物馆学术资源共享及整合——以首尔历史博物馆教育项目为例
Sharing and Integration of Museum Academic Resources:
Taking the Education Products of the Seoul Museum of History as an Example
金志娟 著 崔婷 译
Kim Jiyeon Translated by Cui Ting
（1.首尔历史博物馆教育与对外合作部；2.北京语言大学，北京，100083）
( 1. Education & International Relations Division, Seoul Museum of History；
2. Beijing Language and Culture University, Beijing, 100083 )
内容提要：首尔历史博物馆于2002年开放，是储存首尔记忆的地方，不仅征集有关首尔的遗产，而且对作为首都的首尔进行调查研究，并以研究成果为基础举办展览及开展教育活动。在当下超级连接社会的背景下，博物馆的“多边协作”显得十分重要，而博物馆学术资源的整合与共享是实行“多边协作”的可操作性方案。本文主要就首尔历史博物馆的相关实践进行探讨，探索超级连接时代博物馆整合资源发展公共教育之路。
关键词：博物馆 学术资源 教育 共享 整合 超级连接时代
Abstract: The Seoul Museum of History, which opened in 2002, is the place that stores memory of Seoul. The museum not only collects heritage of Seoul and conducts research and study of Seoul as the capital, but also opens exhibitions and educational programs based on the outcomes. The sharing and integration of museum academic resources are operative schemes of museum multidirectional co-working which is important in a hyperconnected society. At this point, the paper examines the transformations and challenges in terms of museum education in the hyperconnected era by sharing the case of educational programs of the Seoul Museum of History based on “integration and sharing academic research materials”.
Key Words: Museum; academic resources; education; sharing; integration; the hyperconnected era
北京学研究基地与首都博物馆深度合作的基础和路径
The Foundation and Paths of the Deep Cooperation and Integrative Development
between the Capital Museum of China and Beijing Study Research Base
张勃 张宝秀
Zhang Bo Zhang Baoxiu
（北京联合大学北京学研究所，北京，100101）
( Institute of Beijing Study, Beijing Union University, Beijing, 100101)
内容提要：北京学是一种地方学，也属于首都学范畴。北京联合大学北京学研究基地是以高校科研机构为核心，整合校内外研究力量，以“立足北京、研究北京、服务北京”为宗旨的综合性研究平台。首都博物馆是在中国首都北京设立的为首都服务的一种特殊类型的区域博物馆。在首都学语境下，北京学研究基地与首都博物馆的深度合作具有良好的基础，可以通过多种路径实现，从而促进双方在人才培养、科学研究、社会服务、文化传承创新方面发挥更大作用。在首都，为首都，奠定了首都博物馆与首都学研究机构合作共赢的坚实基础。深度合作有助于双方资源共享，优势互补，互惠共赢，共同发展。
关键词：中国首都博物馆 北京学研究基地 北京学 首都学
Abstract: Beijing Study is a regional study, which is also a part of Capital Study. Beijing Study Research Base of Beijing Union University keeps scientifc research institutes as the core, including but not limited to its own research effort. Beijing Study Research Base is a comprehensive research platform that aims to “Base in Beijing, Study Beijing, and Serve Beijing”. The Capital Museum is a particular regional museum located in the capital city of China to serve the public in Beijing.The deep cooperation and integrative development of the Capital Museum and the Beijing Study Research Base contributed an optimistic foundation, to which can be approached through multiple paths, that accelerate personnel training, scientifc research, community service, and cultural inheritance and innovation on both sides. The foundation of the win-win cooperation between the Capital Museum and the institute of Capital Study is laid with the aims to serve the capital as it is located in the capital. The deep cooperation promotes resource sharing, complementary superiority, mutual beneft, and integrative development.
Key Words: Capital Museum, China; Beijing Study Research Base; Beijing Study; Capital Study
超级连接时代的博物馆展览：消除边界、共同协作
——以首尔历史博物馆国际交流展“活着，也能如愿”为例
Museum Exhibition in the Era of Hyperconnectivity, Eliminating Borders and Working Together:
Taking the Exhibition of “On Earth as It is in Heaven” as an Example
吴志英 著 崔婷 译
Oh Jiyoung Translated by Cui Ting
（1.首尔历史博物馆教育与对外合作部；2.北京语言大学，北京，100083）
（ 1. Education & International Relations Division, Seoul Museum of History；
2. Beijing Language and Culture University, Beijing, 100083 ）
内容提要：随着超级连接时代的到来，人们与各种事物之间的联系也越来越紧密，而博物馆也积极地参与到这个新的潮流中，激发出新的展览模式。首尔历史博物馆于2017年在梵蒂冈城举办的国际交流展览“活着，也能如愿”，超越了物质的限制，通过虚拟情景再现，在天主教会的本部梵蒂冈城展出韩国天主教艺术品。虚拟现实展览为观众间接地提供了360度全景的观展体验。其简洁明了的操作系统使得我们无论身处何地，都能随时为观众安排适当的观展信息。此次展览的意义在于增加不便来到博物馆现场的观众与展览之间的联系，这也正是数字化和虚拟展览超级连接性的精髓所在。
关键词：博物馆展览 超级连接 消除边界 “活着，也能如愿”展
Abstract: As the arrival of a hyperconnected society in which everything and people are connected in all directions, museums are actively participating in this trend to create a new paradigm of exhibition. The exhibition “On Earth as it is in Heaven” is a representative example of the international exchange exhibition held in the Vatican City in 2017. This is because the exhibition held in a special environment that deals with the subject of Korean Catholicism in the Vatican City, the heart of the Catholic Church, transcends physical boundaries through a virtual reality (VR) . The VR exhibition allows visitors to indirectly experience the exhibition in a 360 degree panorama with a simple operation whenever/wherever we are, and it is possible to organize the exhibition in a way that is suitable for each person by selecting information by oneself. This exhibition tries to enhance communication with the public who has diffculties to access museum through hyperconnection between digital and analog. The meaning of “hyperconnectivity”, a newly emerging concept, is still ambiguous in the museum feld.
Key Words: Museum exhibition; hyperconnectivity; eliminating borders; “On Earth as It is in Heaven”
读城，连接你我
——首都博物馆“读城”项目发展理念刍议
Reading the City, Connecting You and Me:
On the Development Concept of the “Reading the City” Project
of the Capital Museum
王新迎
Wang Xinying
（首都博物馆，北京，100045）
（ Capital Museum, Beijing, 100045 ）
内容提要：“读城”是首都博物馆自2014年以来原创推出的一个专为青少年量身定制的大型互动体验教育项目，从三个维度展示了它的发展理念：基于一座特殊的城市博物馆，注重北京的城市文化挖掘和传播，以品鉴智慧北京为基础，以解读灿烂中华为主旨，以促进文明互鉴为己任；基于当代博物馆的发展趋势，努力践行“以人为本”，强调以观众为中心并做到博物馆内人尽其才的资源配置；基于社会发展的时代特点，有意识、有规划、有方法地实现资源共享、全面共赢。
关键词：“读城” 北京城市历史文化 以人为本 资源共享
Abstract: “Reading the City” is an interactively large-scale experience and educational project, specially designed for the teenagers from 13 to 15 years old by the Capital Museum since 2014. It shows its development concept from three dimensions. As a special city museum, it focuses on the excavation and dissemination of the history and culture of Beijing city, interpreting splendid China and promoting mutual understanding of different civilizations. Based on the development trend of contemporary museums, it strives to implement the “people-oriented” development concept and emphasizes the audience-centric concept and take full advantage of the resources. Based on the characteristics of times of social development, it needs a specifc and clear plan to share resources properly and achieve a win-win situation.
Key Words: “Reading the City”; Beijing city history and culture; people-oriented concept; resource sharing