“十三五”期间中国博物馆社会教育工作发展状况研究
Research Report on the Status of Social Education Work of Chinese Museums (Public
Ownership) During the 13th Five-Year Plan Period
黄 琛
Huang Chen
（中国博物馆协会社会教育专业委员会，北京，100034）
（The Social Education Committee of the Chinese Museums Association, Beijing, 100034）
内容提要：在政府强力推动下，“ 十三五”期间中国博物馆事业迅猛发展。本文回顾了“十三五”期间中国博物馆社会教育的时代背景、开展情况和多种形式，试图找到一条符合中国国情的“博物馆教育之路”。
关键词：“十三五”博物馆社会教育 教育形式 教学模式 教学方法 发展趋势
Abstract: Under the strong impetus of the Chinese government, Chinese museums has developed rapidly in the past five years. With the transformation of government functions and the acceleration of the construction of public cultural service system, as well as the transformation of the social functions of museums from collection research to public cultural service, the functions of public cultural service and education of museums have been constantly strengthened. Under this special background, relying on the social education Committee of Chinese Museums Association, this paper makes a comprehensive review of the work of its member institutions, trying to find a “museum education road” that can meet China’s national conditions.
Key Words: The 13th Five-Year Plan Period; social education of museums; education form; teaching mode; teaching method; development trend
博物馆青少年教育发展问题与对策分析
The Problems and Countermeasures of the In-Depth Development of Museum Youth Education
赵 菁
Zhao Jjing
（中国国家博物馆，北京，100006）
（National Museum of China, Beijing, 100006）
内容提要：教育部、国家文物局《关于利用博物馆资源开展中小学教育教学的意见》近日印发，围绕博物馆资源与中小学教育教学的融合与长效机制建设提出了新的要求和发展目标。近几年博物馆青少年教育取得长足发展，但在实践中还存在博物馆教育服务的供给无法满足学校需求，博物馆与社会力量之间的协同机制不完善，博物馆青少年教育没有实现全学段覆盖等问题。因此，需要推进博物馆教育的供给侧结构性改革，从博物馆内部、博物馆与学校、博物馆与社会力量、馆际合作这四个层面出发，提升博物馆教育服务的供给数量和效能。
关键词：博物馆青少年教育 馆校合作 博物馆教育供给侧改革 研学 社会力量
Abstract: Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China and National Cultural Heritage Administration issued the Opinions on Using Museum Resources to Develop Education and Teaching in Primary and Middle Schools recently. The Opinions put forward new requirements and development goals around the integration of museum resources and primary and middle schools education and teaching, and the construction of long term mechanisms. In recent years, great progress has been made in museum youth education, but in practice, there is still a large gap between the supply and demand of museum education services; the coordination mechanism between museums and social forces is not harmonious; museum youth education has not covered the whole school period. Therefore, museums need to promote the structural supply side reform of museum education. From inside the museum, museums and schools, museums and social forces, between museums, these four aspects, increase museum education service supply quantity and efficiency.
Key Words: Museum youth education; museum-school cooperation; the supply side reform of museum education; research trip; social forces
基于“立德树人”教育观搭建博物馆教育体系的构想
The Construction of Museum’s Education System Based on the Educational Concept of
Fostering Virtue Through Education
窦立敏
Dou Limin
（北京国博文化遗产研究院，北京，100024）
（Beijing Guobo Academy of Cultural Heritage, Beijing, 100024）
内容提要：“立德树人”是教育的根本任务，无论学校教育还是博物馆教育，都应在这一视域下思考如何发挥作用。博物馆虽已将教育放在职能首位，但还没有形成对应的教育体系。根据《中国教育现代化2035》，以培育学生“核心素养”为导向的教育改革成为趋势，也预示着我国基础教育从“知识本位”时代走向“核心素养”时代。基于“立德树人”的教育观，从课程标准对标路径和馆校教学结构搭建两个维度，探讨博物馆教育体系构建设想，通过“博物馆进校园示范项目”开展终端实践，为构建博物馆教育体系先行先试，填补领域空白。
关键词：核心素养 博物馆进校园 教育体系 课程标准 立德树人
Abstract: Since “fostering virtue through education” is the fundamental task of education, whether school education or museum education, they all should think about how to play the roles from this perspective. Although the museum has already put education at the top priority of its function, there is no corresponding education system yet. According to the China Educational Modernization 2035, education reform of cultivating students’ “core competence” has become the trend, which also indicates that our country’s basic education has moved from a “knowledge-based” era to the era of “core competence”. Based on the educational concept of “fostering virtue through education”, this thesis explores the museum education system construction from the two dimensions of curriculum standards benchmarking path and museum-school teaching structure construction. By carrying out the terminal practices of museum-into-campus demonstration projects, the museum education system will be tested to fill the gaps in the field.
Key Words: Core competence; museum-into-campus; education system; curriculum standards; fostering virtue through education
多元智能视野下博物馆美育教育的实践路径探析
Multiple Intelligences Museum Aesthetic Education from the Perspective of Practice Path
张晓鹏
Zhang Xiaopeng
（河北博物院，石家庄，050011）
（Hebei Museum, Shijiazhuang, 050011)
内容提要：习近平总书记提出“一个博物院就是一所大学校”的重要论述，为博物馆社会教育发展指明了前进的方向，使博物馆主要职能从“藏物为主”转向“育人为主”，而美育教育则成为学生德智体美劳全面发展的重要组成部分。博物馆以其丰富的艺术资源，逐渐成为发展美育的重要场所。而多元智能理论发端于艺术教育，从美育资源、真实情境、“多元切入点”课程设计、实践共同体及情景化评估共五个方面，为博物馆发展美育教育提供了实践路径。
关键词：多元智能 美育教育 实践路径
Abstract: General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed that “a museum was a big school”, which was very important and pointed out the direction of the development of social education of museums. The main education function of museums has changed from collection of items to education. Aesthetics education has become an important part of the development of the all-around ability of students in areas such as morals, intelligence, physical fitness, aesthetics, and work. With a lot of art resources, museums have gradually become an important place for the development of aesthetics education. The multiple intelligence theory comes from the art education and provides the practice approach for the development of aesthetics education by museums from five perspectives including resources of aesthetics education, real-world situations, course design with diversified entry points, the community of practice, and contextual evaluation.
Key Words: Multiple intelligences; aesthetic education; practice path
从博物致知到以文化人：博物馆中的儿童文化教育
Children’s Cultural Education in Museums
郭 岚
Guo Lan
（北京师范大学，北京，100080）
（Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100080）
内容提要：面向儿童的博物馆文化教育是一种跨越边界的教育实践，其间蕴含着丰富的教育可能。首先，面向儿童的博物馆文化教育应当承认博物馆教育的有限性，教育是博物馆的重要职能而非本质属性。其次，应当认识到博物馆教育作为文化教育的一种类型，其实现有赖于博物馆教育资源的文化性、教育议题的延展性和博物馆教育形式的适切性等方面的综合作用。最后，关照儿童的主体性，探寻博物馆儿童文化教育的必要性和可能性。
关键词：博物馆教育 文化教育 儿童
Abstract: Museum culture education for children is a kind of education practice that crosses the boundary, which contains rich educational possibilities. In the post-museum era, museum culture and education for children should first acknowledge the limitation of museum education, and education is an important function rather than an essential attribute of museum. Secondly, as a type of cultural education, museum education depends on the cultural nature of museum educational resources, the extension of educational issues and the suitability of museum educational forms. Finally, we should take care of children’s subjectivity and explore the necessity and possibility of children’s cultural education in museums.
Key Words: Museum education; cultural education; children
馆校合作之审视与反思：理念、实践及第三方
Review and Reflection on Museum-School Cooperation: Ideas, Practices and Third-Party Institutions
果美侠
Guo Meixia
（故宫博物院，北京，100009）
（The Palace Museum, Beijing, 100009）
内容提要：2020年9月30日，教育部和国家文物局发布《关于利用博物馆资源开展中小学教育教学的意见》，这使博物馆与学校的合作再次成为学界关注和讨论的焦点。中国的馆校合作，内容丰富，形式多样，但实践中仍有许多困惑，如博物馆与学校对话不充分、各自评价体系不同使项目难以开展、国家政策层面的理想状态与推进中的现实状态存在差距等。对于这些困惑，从正式教育和非正式教育的界定着手，有利于深入理解馆校合作的现实问题；结合实践案例探讨馆校合作的主体，可以明确馆校合作的方向；馆校双方能力和资源的不足，使第三方机构有机会介入并参与馆校合作。通过对馆校合作的审视与反思，笔者认为馆校合作要重视理念建设、拓宽对馆校合作概念的认识、积极引入第三方参与，这样才能实现馆校双赢，提升馆校合作效率。
关键词：馆校合作 博物馆 教育资源 第三方机构 研学
Abstract: Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China and National Cultural Heritage Administration, on 30 September 2020, co-released a document titled Opinions on Using Museum Resources to Develop Education and Teaching in Primary and Middle Schools, which made the museum-school cooperation once again the focus of attention and discussion in the academic community. Although diverse and informative collaborative programs already existed in China, both museums and schools still have some concerns, such as insufficient dialogues, different evaluation systems leading to project failures, the gap between an ideal state of following national policies and a real situation of forming partnerships. This paper presents three approaches to those concerns: Recognize the difference between formal and informal education to have a deeper understanding of museum-school cooperation; determine who is the leading party in each particular case to orientate the direction of partnership; introduce a third-party institution into the partnership to complement the insufficient capabilities and resources of both sides. Through the review and reflection on museum-school cooperation this paper believe that a win-win and more efficient partnership requires us to form constructive ideas, expand the scope of partnership, and introduce third-party institutions into the partnership.
Key Words: Museum-school cooperation; museum; educational resources; third-party institutions; research trip
馆校合作现状的调研与思考
Survey and Thoughts on Museum-School Cooperation
罗跞 胡芳 宋娴
Luo Luo Hu Fang Song Xian
（上海科技馆，上海，200127）
（Shanghai Science & Technology Museum, Shanghai, 200127）
内容提要：本文简要概述了我国自然科学类博物馆馆校合作实践和研究历程。经过十来年的发展，馆校合作领域已有大量的研究成果。本文通过梳理文献总结出以往合作过程中常见的问题，并发现较少有文献大范围调研分析馆校合作实践情况，因此为了解当前全国范围内自然科学类博物馆馆校合作进展，本文调研了26个不同地区、不同级别的自然科学类博物馆，总结其馆校合作类型现状、经验、困难和解决策略等，为其他类型博物馆开展馆校合作提供参考。
关键词：馆校合作 自然科学类博物馆 课程体系 教师培训 场馆教育 科技馆活动进校园
Abstract: This paper briefly summarizes the practice and research process of museum-school cooperation in natural science museums in China. After more than a decade of development, there have been a large number of research achievements in this field. This paper summarizes the common problems in the past cooperation process from the literature and finds that there are few literatures about large-scale investigation on the practice of the cooperation. In order to understand the current situation of museum-school cooperation in natural science museums in China, this paper investigated 26 natural science museums in different regions and at different levels to summarize the type, experience, difficulties and solutions of museum-school cooperation, aimed at providing reference for other museums to carry out museum-school cooperation.
Key Words: Museum-school cooperation; natural science museums; curriculum system; teacher training; museum education; bridging science museum with school
分众化理念下双主体馆校合作模式的构建
——以南京博物院为例
Construction of Museum-School Double-Subject Cooperation Mode under the Concept of
Demassification: Taking Nanjing Museum as an Example
郑 晶
Zheng Jing
（南京博物院，南京，210016）
（Nanjing Museum, Nanjing, 210016）
内容提要：20世纪末，我国的博物馆分众教育与馆校合作相继出现并逐步兴起。如何在分众教育理念下实施馆校合作，满足新形势下利用博物馆资源开展中小学教育教学之需求，形成可持续发展的教育合作体系，日益成为亟待解决的现实问题。近年来，南京博物院依托分众教育理念，形成博物馆和学校两个主体的双主体模式，共同研发多学科融合、可垂直推广的馆校合作课程，进而深入开发促进社会进步、弘扬优秀传统文化的教育资源，搭建起区别于传统课堂教学模式的新馆校合作教育体系，此做法值得进一步思考、评价与探索。
关键词：分众化理念 双主体 馆校合作 博物馆教育 南京博物院
Abstract: At the end of the 20th century, demassification of education and cooperation between museums and schools came into existence one after another and gradually developed in China. How to implement the cooperation under the concept of demassification of museum education, how to meet the demands of using museum resources to push education at the primary and middle schools under the new situation, and how to form a sustainable educational cooperation system, have become urgent practical problems to be resolved. In recent years, applying the cooperation mode of two subjects comprising museums and schools, Nanjing Museum has collaborated with related institutions to research multi-disciplinary curriculums that can be promoted vertically under the concept of demassification. The aim is to dig deep into the education resources to push forward social development and promote good traditional culture, and set up a new education system different from the traditional education in the classroom. This practice deserves further investigation, evaluation and exploration.
Key Words: Concept of demassification; double-subject; museum-school cooperation; museum education; Nanjing Museum
论博物馆中小学生教育资源的整合策略
——以山东博物馆为例
On the Integration Strategy of Museum Education Resources for Primary and Middle School Students: A Case Study of Shandong Museum
姜惠梅
Jiang Huimei
（山东博物馆，济南，250014）
（Shandong Museum, Jinan, 250014）
内容提要：文化强国背景下，博物馆中小学教育成为社会各界广泛关注的重点和未来博物馆发展的重要环节。着力拓展博物馆教育途径，创新博物馆学习方式，整合有效资源成为博物馆教育的必然要求。本文以近年来山东博物馆的教育实践案例为依托，通过博物馆中小学教育资源开发的原动力、博物馆中小学教育资源的深挖与重构、博物馆外部教育资源的拓展三个部分，来探析博物馆教育资源整合的可行性方式，旨在为新时代的博物馆教育工作发展提供借鉴。
关键词：博物馆教育资源 免费开放 整合策略 馆校合作 流动博物馆
Abstract: Under the background of cultural powerful country, museum education to the primary and middle school students are the focus of attention from all walks of life and the key point of future museum development. It is the necessary requirement of museum education to expand museum education and outreach methods, to innovate museum learning methods, and to integrate all effective resources. Based on the education program of Shandong Museum in recent years, a study of the feasible methods of museum education resources integration is made from three parts, namely, the motivation of primary and middle school museum education resources development, reconstitution and redevelopment of primary and middle school museum education resources, and the outreach of museum education resources, aiming to provide some practical enlightenment to museum education in the new era.
Key Words: Museum education resources; visit-free; integration of resources; museum-school cooperation; mobile museum
以中小学博物馆专职教师培养推动博物馆教育发展
——以西安市曲江第二小学博物馆主题课程实践为例
Promoting the Development of Museum Education Through Training Professional Museum
Teachers in Primary and Middle Schools: Taking the Practice of Museum Thematic
Curriculum in Xi’an Qujiang No.2 Primary School as an Example
申 珅
Shen Shen
（西安市曲江第二小学，西安，710061）
( Xi’an Qujiang No.2 Primary School, Xi’an, 710061）
内容提要：近年来，国家高度重视发挥博物馆的青少年教育功能，在推动中小学利用博物馆资源展开学习、促进博物馆与学校教育的有机结合等方面取得显著成效。在此之中，如何深化落实馆校合作，将博物馆资源融入教育体系，切实提升中小学利用博物馆资源的效率成为博物馆教育发展中的关键问题。本文以西安市曲江第二小学博物馆专业教师的实践探索为例，讨论“中小学博物馆专职教师”这一职业角色在博物馆教育发展中的作用。
关键词：博物馆教育 馆校合作 中小学教师 博物馆学 研学
Abstract: In recent years, the State attach great importance to the educational function of museums for teenagers. This policy has achieved remarkable results in promoting primary and middle schools in using museum resources for learning, and advancing the profound combination of museums and school education. Among such, the topic of how to further deepen the implementation of the cooperation between museum and school, integrate museum resources into the education system, and effectively improve the utilization efficiency of museum resources in primary and middle schools has become a key issue in the development of museum education. Taking the practical exploration in recruiting museum teachers in Xi’an Qujiang No.2 Primary School as an example, the author discusses the development of professional roles of “primary and middle school museum full-time teachers” from the aspects of promoting the development and utilization of museum resources in education.
Key Words: Museum education; museum-school cooperation; primary and middle school teachers; museology; research trip
博物馆教育中嵌入项目式学习的意义及策略
The Significance and Strategy of Embedded Project-Based Learning in Museum Education
刘芳芳1李光2
Liu Fangfang1 Li Guang2
（1. 首都师范大学附属中学，北京，100048；2. 澳门城市大学，澳门，999078）
（1. Capital Normal University High School, Beijing, 100048; 2. City University of Macau, Macau, 999078）
内容提要：博物馆教育以其丰富的馆藏资源、得天独厚的场所优势，以及直观真实的学习方式，越来越成为学校教育的有力补充，并在培育学生发展核心素养中发挥着越来越重要的作用，但同时也存在一些问题。2020年9月，教育部、国家文物局联合印发了《关于利用博物馆资源开展中小学教育教学的意见》，标志着博物馆教育进入新时期。本文基于当前博物馆教育实践的现状，将项目式学习方式融入博物馆教育实践中，探讨博物馆教育中嵌入项目式学习的意义及策略。
关键词：博物馆教育 项目式学习 馆校合作 学生发展核心素养
Abstract: Museum education, with its rich collection resources, unique place advantages and intuitive learning resources, has become a powerful supplement to school education and plays an increasingly important role in cultivating students’ core competence, but there are also some problems. The Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China and National Cultural Heritage Administration jointly issued Opinions on Using Museum Resources to Develop Education and Teaching in Primary and Middle Schools, marking that museum education has entered a new era. Based on the current situation of museum education practice, this paper integrates project-based learning into museum education practice, and discusses the significance and strategies of embedding project-based learning in museum education.
Key Words: Museum education; project-based learning; museum-school cooperation; students’ development of core competence
“5R”，搭建儿童在博物馆学习的桥梁
——情感互动视角下博物馆的儿童展览解读
5R, a Bridge for Children to Learn in Museums: Interpretation of Exhibitions in Museums
for Children from the Perspective of Emotional Interaction
杜 莹
Du Ying
（首都博物馆，北京，100045）
（Capital Museum, Beijing, 100045）
内容提要：本文通过对进入展厅参观的近千名儿童及陪同家长的参观行为观察及数据分析，发现儿童和家长自行参观时在每件展品前平均停留时间不到一分钟；儿童只能关注自己视线内的展品；参观博物馆的亲子观众中，陪同母亲约是父亲数量的两倍；家长和儿童的参观模式主要分为三种，大致可以分为讨论式交流、无语言交流、引导讲解型交流；博物馆对于儿童观众有一定的情感价值，可以帮助儿童释放压力。本文提出在情感互动视角博物馆给儿童观众进行展览解读的五个重点（“5R”），即：博物馆要设计儿童展线，帮助儿童放松身心（Relax）；降低部分展柜高度，尊重儿童的生理和心理特征（Respect）；让儿童理解博物馆，说明牌要讲故事（Realize）；设计学习单，引导儿童探索研究自己感兴趣的展品（Research）；鼓励儿童以一定形式表达探索后的观点及感受（Represent）。
关键词：5R 情感价值 儿童展线 博物馆学习 首都博物馆
Abstract: Based on the observation and data analysis of nearly 1000 children and parents visiting exhibition, this paper finds that children and parents stay in front of each exhibit for less than one minute when they visit by themselves; children can only pay attention to the exhibits in their own sight; the number of mothers is twice of fathers. Parents and children’s visit mainly in three modes: Discussion communication, non-verbal communication and guided explanation communication. Museums also have certain emotional value for children audiences, helping children release pressure. From the perspective of emotional interaction, this paper puts forward five key points for the museum to interpret children’s exhibitions, namely the 5R: The museum should design children’s exhibition line to help children Relax; reduce the height of some display cabinets to give children enough Respect; let children understand the museum, and the signboard should have stories (Realize); design learning report to guide children to explore and study the exhibits they are interested in (Research); encourage children to express their views and feelings after exploration in a certain way (Represent).
Key Words: 5R; emotional value for children; children’s exhibition line; learn-in-museum; Capital Museum
地域文化视野下博物馆教育读物的创作研究
——以舟山博物馆《博物东海：舟山博物馆文物故事读本》为例
Research on the Creation of Museum Educational Readings from the Perspective of Regional Culture: Consider Natural History in the East Sea: Zhoushan Museum Cultural Relic Story Books as an Example
李飞群
Li Feiqun
（舟山博物馆，舟山，316000）
（Zhoushan Museum, Zhoushan, 316000）
内容提要：博物馆教育读物是依托博物馆藏品和展览等凝练形成的一种教育产品，是博物馆研究成果的创造性转化和创新性发展。在传统文化持续升温的大背景下，博物馆教育读物发展很快，出现了一大批优秀作品，但从整个教育读物市场看，博物馆资源的开发和利用还远远不够。博物馆如何从馆藏资源中获取灵感、以创意互动的理念，借助教育读物的形式更好地实现中华文化的有效表达？本文通过对博物馆新时代教育使命的阐述，从地域文化影响力的视角出发，以舟山博物馆海洋文化特色背景下《博物东海：舟山博物馆文物故事读本》的项目开发为例，重新审视博物馆文化资源，提炼本土概念，讲好中国故事，为构建兼具创新性内核的文化话语体系，提供有益的启发和借鉴。
关键词：舟山博物馆 教育读物 地域文化 海洋文化
Abstract: Museum educational readings are a kind of educational product based on museum collections and exhibitions. It is the creative transformation and innovative development of museum research results. In the context of the continuous appreciation of traditional culture, museum educational reading materials have developed rapidly, and a large number of excellent works have appeared. However, from the perspective of the entire educational reading market, the number and influence of published educational readings, the development and utilization of museum resources are still far from enough. How can museums obtain inspiration from collection resources, employ creative and interactive concepts, and use educational reading materials to better realize the effective expression of Chinese culture? Based on the elaboration of the educational mission of the museum in the new era, this article starts from the perspective of regional cultural influence, and takes the development and research of the Natural History in the East Sea: Zhoushan Museum Cultural Relic Story Books under the background of the marine cultural characteristics of the Zhoushan Museum as an example, to re-examine cultural resources and refine local concepts, tell Chinese stories well, build a cultural discourse power system with an innovative core, and provide useful inspiration and reference.
Key Words: Zhoushan Museum; educational reading material; regional culture; marine culture
基于表达性艺术治疗的博物馆教育项目设计探析
——以河北博物院孤独症儿童项目为例
Analysis of Museum Education Project Design Based on Expressive Art Therapy:
Taking the Autistic Children Project of Hebei Museum as an Example
王晓阳
Wang Xiaoyang
（河北博物院，石家庄，050011）
（Hebei Museum , Shijiazhuang , 050011）
内容提要：表达性艺术治疗着重于通过艺术形式呈现创作者的内心世界，对促进个体情绪管理、心灵疗愈、人格发展等具有重要作用。文章以孤独症儿童项目为例，从策划设计、实施过程、教育职能发挥等角度，论述博物馆人文主义性质的表达性艺术治疗对体验者的情绪心理、认知行为以及社会性互动等层面产生的效用，探寻博物馆艺术治疗项目的模式。
关键词：表达性 艺术治疗 博物馆教育 人文主义 孤独症
Abstract: Expressive art therapy focuses on presenting the creator’s inner world through art forms, which plays an important part in individual promoting of emotion management, spiritual healing and personality development. Taking the autistic children project for example, this paper discuss about the utility to the experiencer of museum humanistic expressive art therapy on the emotional psychology, cognitive behavior and social interaction from the perspectives of planning and design, implementation process and educational function, and explores the project mode of museum art therapy.
Key Words: Expressive; art therapy; museum education; humanism; autism
河南博物院文物修复保护主题研学课程的
设计理念与实践
Design Concept and Practice of the Theme Research Course of Cultural Relic Restoration
and Protection in Henan Museum
化夏 胡晓宇 张怡晗
Hua Xia Hu Xiaoyu Zhang Yihan
（河南博物院，郑州，450002）
（Henan Museum, Zhengzhou, 450002）
内容提要：博物馆的教育职能日益凸显，鉴于目前各个博物馆开展的文物修复为主题的教育活动水平参差不齐，专业修复人员参与较少等情况，无法满足参与者的好奇心。河南博物院尝试文物修复专业人员牵头开展文物修复保护研学游活动，提升活动的专业性、权威性，也促进了博物馆内跨部门联合，各学科相融合的新模式，利用馆校联动，让更多学生走进博物馆，感受文物保护的魅力，对文物修复保护研学游的新模式进行探索。
关键词：文物修复 研学游 博物馆教育 馆校联动 产品开发
Abstract: The educational function of museums has become increasingly prominent. In view of the uneven level of educational activities on the theme of cultural relics restoration carried out by various museums and the participation of professional restoration personnel, the curiosity of participants can not be satisfied. Henan Museum tries to lead the research and study tour activities of cultural relics restoration and protection led by professionals of cultural relics restoration and protection to enhance the professionalism and authority of the activities. It also promotes the new mode of interdepartmental cooperation and integration of various disciplines in the museum. By using the linkage between museum and school, more students can enter the museum, feel the charm of cultural relics protection, and explore the new mode of research and study tour of cultural relics restoration and protection.
Key Words: Cultural relics restoration; research trip; museum education; linkage between museum and school; product development
世界遗产地青少年社教工作的调查与思考
——以良渚文化遗址为例
Investigation and Reflection on Social Education for Teenager of the World Heritage Site:
Taking Liangzhu Civilization for Example
于秋娜
Yu Qiuna
（中国江南水乡文化博物馆，杭州，311100）
（Chiangnan Watery Region Culture Museum of China, Hangzhou, 311100）
内容提要：观众研究是规划与实施博物馆教育活动的前提和基础，有助于博物馆了解其目标观众的需求和期望。位于浙江杭州的良渚古城遗址，2019年7月被联合国公布为世界文化遗产，是全世界人民共有的文化遗产和精神财富。杭州市余杭区是良渚古城遗址的所在地，做好文化遗产的保护利用工作，守护和传播良渚先民留下的辉煌灿烂的文化，是当地文博工作者义不容辞的责任。文博工作者以当地小学、初中及高中段的青少年为对象，开展对良渚文化了解情况、学习兴趣及学习方式的调研，对于更有效地开展博物馆的社会教育具有一定的意义。
关键词：良渚文化 世界遗产 青少年 观众研究
Abstract: Audience research is the premise and basis for planning and implementing museum educational activities, which is helpful for museums to understand the needs and expectations of their target audience. Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City, Zhejiang Province, was declared UNESCO World Heritage in July 2019. It is a cultural heritage and spiritual wealth shared by people all over the world. Yuhang District of Hangzhou is the site of Liangzhu City. It is the responsibility of museum staff to protect and utilize the cultural heritage and protect and spread the splendid culture left by Liangzhu ancestors. Museum staffs take the primary school, junior and senior school students as the research objects, to conduct a survey on Liangzhu Civilization understanding, learning interest and learning style, to explore how to carry out the social education of the museum more effectively.
Key Words: Liangzhu Civilization; World Heritage; teenager; audience research
博物馆教育视角下的观众参观行为调查与分析
——以“衣冠流徙 诗书粲然：馆藏西南联大民族调查文书
资料展”为例
Investigation and Analysis on Audience Behavior from the Perspective of Museum Education: Taking Migratory Scholars and Brilliant Academic Achievements: Document Exhibition of the Ethnic Investigation Done by the National Southwestern Associated University as an Example
刘 阳
Liu Yang
（南开大学博物馆，天津，300071)
（Nankai University Museum, Tianjin, 300071）
内容提要：笔者以南开大学博物馆“衣冠流徙 诗书粲然：馆藏西南联大民族调查文书资料展”为调查对象，通过问卷调查和跟踪观察分别获取观众的个人信息与行为数据，从选择性注意、持续性注意、拍照行为三个维度分析观众行为的特点及其个体差异，进而对观众参观的行为规律进行讨论。
关键词：博物馆教育 观众 拍照行为 观众注意 文献展 档案展
Abstract: The Nankai University Museum Migratory Scholars and Brilliant Academic Achievements: Document Exhibition of the Ethnic Investigation Done by the National Southwestern Associated University is the survey object. The method of obtaining audience’s personal information and behavior data are through questionnaire survey and follow-up observation. From the three dimensions of selective attention, continuous attention and photographing behavior, the characteristics of the audience’s behavior and their individual differences are analyzed, and then some behavioral patterns unique to the audience of the document exhibition are discussed.
Key Words: Museum education; audience; photographic behavior; audience attention; document exhibition; archives exhibition
我国博物馆儿童游戏化学习在教育中的应用现状研究
——以省级博物馆为例
Research on the Application of Digital Game-Based Learning for Children in Chinese
Museums: Taking Chinese Provincial Museums as Examples
吴镝 谢颖
Wu Di Xie Ying
（湖南省博物馆，长沙，410005）
（Hunan Museum, Changsha, 410005）
内容提要：游戏化学习可以培养儿童参观博物馆的兴趣，增强儿童在博物馆的参观体验和学习效果。本文通过对我国省级博物馆的问卷调查，分析了我国博物馆儿童游戏化学习的现状及特点，并针对目前存在的问题以及未来的发展提出了相应的建议。
关键词：游戏化学习 儿童教育 数字技术 省级博物馆
Abstract: Digital game-based learning can effectively improve children’s motivation to visit museums and enhance their experience and learning in museums. This article analyzes the data and cases from a questionnaire survey of the digital game-based learning for children applied by provincial museums in China, and also puts forward suggestions for current problems and future development of digital game-based learning for children in museums in China.
Key Words: Digital game-based learning; education for children; digital technology; provincial museums